Details About 6 September defence DAY 1965

        6 september                  defence DAY 

 Protection Day 

Protection Day (Urdu: یوم دفاع‎ ALA-LC: Yaum-I Difāʿ IPA: [jɔːm-e d̪ɪfɑː]) is praised in Pakistan as public day to celebrate the penances made by Pakistani warriors in safeguarding its borders.[1][2] The date of 6 September denotes the day in 1965 when Indian soldiers crossed the global line to dispatch an assault on Pakistani Punjab, in a riposte to Pakistan's Operation Grand Slam focusing on Jammu.[3] While it is authoritatively recognized as a ridiculous shock assault by India, which was spurned by the Pakistan Army notwithstanding its more modest size and less armaments,[2][4] this account has been condemned by Pakistani observers as addressing bogus history.[2][5] 

Protection Day 

Pakistan Army Mil Mi-17 Asuspine-1.jpg 

Additionally called 

Youm-e-Difa 

Seen by 

Pakistan 

Type 

Public 

Festivities 

Banner lifting, march, military presentations, grant functions, singing enthusiastic tunes, amusement and military projects, discourses, and so forth 

Date 

6 September 

Recurrence 

Yearly 

The setting of the 1965 War Edit 

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 started with Pakistan sending 7,000–8,000 Soldiers masked as local people into the Kashmir Valley with the target of instigating the populace into defiance to India.[6][a] However, the technique turned out badly from the beginning because of helpless coordination, and the infiltrators' essence was before long unveiled to the Indian military by neighborhood Kashmiris. In the subsequent stage, on 1 September, it dispatched a tank assault, named Operation Grand Slam, towards the Akhnoor connect in the Jammu Division. It was planned to be a "short and quick, done deal operation".[8] According to researcher Shuja Nawaz, the Pakistani general expected to catch the Akhnoor extension and swing towards Jammu to remove India's interchanges with the Kashmir Valley.[9] 

On 6 September, as indicated by its "pre-proclaimed strategy"[8] of riposte,[10][b] the Indian Army crossed the global boundary in Punjab with the goal of removing the Grand Trunk Road close to Lahore. The assault came as a total shock to the Pakistani commanders.[8][12] According to Air Marshal Nur Khan, the Army Chief General Musa Khan told the President on the second day of the conflict that the Army had run out of ammo. He expresses that the Army experienced weighty misfortunes in the war.[13] On 23 September, Pakistan acknowledged an UN-ordered ceasefire.[c] 

Festivities and parades

The Pakistan Army shows its most recent rockets, tanks, firearms, Pakistan Army Aviation helicopters and combat hardware being utilized by Engineers, Electrical and Mechanical Corps, Army Air Defense, Signals, Army Service Corps and the Army Medical Corps.[15] Everyone is permitted to watch such capacities live by going to explicit spots. These shows are additionally shown on public TV channels. Public melodies, extraordinary narratives around 6 September 1965 and the tales of individuals who were martyred on that day are shown on TV. The realities are recounted how individuals forfeited their lives for the protection of the nation and what the obligation is of the more youthful age, the youngsters, who are the fate of Pakistan.[citation needed] 

The difference in watch service happens at Mazar-e-Quaid, Karachi, where the cadets of Pakistan Air Force Academy present the Guard of Honor and take the charge.[16]

Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. 

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India. The conflict began following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against Indian rule. India retaliated by launching a full-scale military attack on West Pakistan. The seventeen-day war caused thousands of casualties on both sides and witnessed the largest engagement of armored vehicles and the largest tank battle since World War II.[17][18] Hostilities between the two countries ended after a ceasefire was declared through UNSC Resolution 211 following a diplomatic intervention by the Soviet Union and the United States, and the subsequent issuance of the Tashkent Declaration.[19] Much of the war was fought by the countries' land forces in Kashmir and along the border between India and Pakistan. This war saw the largest amassing of troops in Kashmir since the Partition of India in 1947, a number that was overshadowed only during the 2001–2002 military standoff between India and Pakistan. Most of the battles were fought by opposing infantry and armoured units, with substantial backing from air forces, and naval operations.

Indo–Pakistani War of 1965

Part of the Indo–Pakistani wars and conflicts

Kashmir region 2004.jpg

Geopolitical map of Kashmir provided by the United States CIA, c. 2004

Date August – 23 September 1965

Location 

Western Front

Indo-Pakistani border

Line of Control, Working Boundary, Radcliffe Line, Sir Creek, and Zero-Point

Arabian sea

Eastern Front

India–East Pakistan border

Result 

Stalemate

(Both nations declared victory)

Ceasefire through UNSC Resolution 211

No permanent territorial changes (see Tashkent Declaration)

Return to the status quo ante bellum

Territorial

changes No territorial changes

Belligerents

 India

 Pakistan

Commanders and leaders

India Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

(President of India)

India Lal Bahadur Shastri

(Prime Minister of India)

 Gen. J. N. Chaudhuri

(Chief of the Army Staff)

 Lt. Gen. Harbaksh Singh

(GOC-in-C, Western Command)

 Lt. Gen. P. O. Dunn

(GOC, I Corps)

 Lt. Gen. Joginder Dhillon

(GOC, XI Corps)

 Lt. Gen. Kashmir Katoch

(GOC, XV Corps)

 AM Arjan Singh

(Chief of the Air Staff)

Naval Ensign of India.svg Vice Adm. Bhaskar Soman

(Chief of the Naval Staff)

 Ayub Khan

(President of Pakistan)

 Gen Musa Khan

(Cdr-in-Chief, Army)

 Lt.Gen Bakhtiar Rana

(Commander, I Corps)

 Lt.Gen Attiqur Rahman

(Commander, IV Corps)

 MGen A.H. Malik

(GOC, 12th Infantry Division)

 MGen Yahya Khan

(GOC, 7th Infantry Division)

 AM Nur Khan

(Cdr-in-Chief, Air Force)

 VAdm A.R. Khan

(Cdr-in-Chief, Navy)

 RAdm S.M. Ahsan

((Cdr. Eastern Naval Command)

 Cdre S.M. Anwar

(OTC, 25th Destroyer Sqn)

Strength

700,000 infantry (whole army)[1]

700+ aircraft[2]

720 tanks[1]

186 Centurions[3]

346 Shermans[1]

90 AMX[1][3]

90 PT-76[1]

628 Artillery[3]

66x 3.7"How[3]

450x 25pdr[3]

96x 5.5"[3]

16x 7.2"[3]

Effective strength on the West Pakistan Border[4]

9 Infantry divisions (4 under-strength)

3 Armored brigades

260,000 infantry (whole army)[1]

280 aircraft[2]

756 tanks[3]

352 Pattons[3]

308 Shermans[3]

96 Chaffees[3]

552 Artillery[3]

72x105mm How[3]

234X25pdr[3]

126x155mm How[3]

48x8" How[3]

72x3.7" How[3]

AK Lt Btys[3]

Effective strength on the West Pakistan Border[4]

6 Infantry divisions

2 Armored divisions

Casualties and losses

Neutral claims[5][6]

3,000 men[5]

150[7]–190 tanks[5]

60–75 aircraft[5]

540 km2 (210 mi2) of territory lost (primarily in Kashmir)[8][9]

Indian claims

35[10]–59 aircraft lost[11] In addition, Indian sources claim that there were 13 IAF aircraft lost in accidents, and 3 Indian civilian aircraft shot down.[12]

520 km2 (200 mi2) territory lost[13]

Pakistani claims

8,200 men killed or captured[13]

110[14]–113[13] aircraft destroyed

500 tanks captured or destroyed[13]

2602,[15] 2575 km2[13] territory gained

Neutral claims[5]

3,800 men[5]

200[5]-300 Tanks[7]

20 aircraft[5]

Over 1,840 km2 (710 mi2) of territory lost (in Sindh, Lahore, Sialkot, and Kashmir sectors)[8][9]

Pakistani claims

19 aircraft lost[14]

Indian claims

5259 men killed or captured[13]

43[16] −73 aircraft destroyed[13]

471 tanks destroyed[13]

1,735 km2 (670 mi2) territory gained[13]

India had the upper hand over Pakistan when the ceasefire was declared.[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Although the two countries fought to a standoff, the conflict is seen as a strategic and political defeat for Pakistan,[27][21][28][29][30][31][32] as it had neither succeeded in fomenting insurrection in Kashmir[33] nor had it been able to gain meaningful support at an international level.[28][34][35][36]

Internationally, the war was viewed in the context of the greater Cold War, and resulted in a significant geopolitical shift in the subcontinent.[37] Before the war, the United States and the United Kingdom had been major material allies of both India and Pakistan, as their primary suppliers of military hardware and foreign developmental aid. During and after the conflict, both India and Pakistan felt betrayed by the perceived lack of support by the western powers for their respective positions; those feelings of betrayal were increased with the imposition of an American and British embargo on military aid to the opposing sides.[37][38] As a consequence, India and Pakistan openly developed closer relationships with the Soviet Union and China, respectively.[38] The perceived negative stance of the western powers during the conflict, and during the 1971 war, has continued to affect relations between the West and the subcontinent. In spite of improved relations with the U.S. and Britain since the end of the Cold War, the conflict generated a deep distrust of both countries within the subcontinent which to an extent lingers to this day.[39][40][41]

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